Any new, useful, and non-obvious process, machine, composition of matter, or improvement thereof can be patented.

The three main types are utility patents (functional inventions), design patents (ornamental designs), and plant patents (new plant varieties).

A utility and plant patent typically lasts 20 years, while a design patent lasts 15 years.

A patent protects inventions and technical solutions, whereas a trademark protects brand names, logos, and symbols.

In many jurisdictions, software can be patented if it provides a technical solution rather than just an abstract idea.

The process includes conducting a patent search, preparing a detailed application, filing with the patent office, and undergoing an examination.

A prior art search checks for existing patents or publications to determine if an invention is novel and patentable.

No, patents are granted for tangible inventions and processes, not abstract ideas.

A provisional application provides temporary protection (12 months) and allows you to establish a filing date before filing a non-provisional (full) application.

You can take legal action, including filing an infringement lawsuit to seek damages and stop unauthorized use.

Yes, patents can be sold, assigned, or licensed to others for commercial use.

It occurs when someone makes, uses, sells, or imports a patented invention without permission.

The process varies but typically takes between 1 to 5 years, depending on complexity and jurisdiction.

In many countries, public disclosure before filing can make the invention unpatentable. The U.S. allows a 1-year grace period, but other countries may not.

While not required, a patent attorney or agent is highly recommended for navigating the complex filing and prosecution process.

Yes, you can use the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) or file separate applications in each country.

Once expired, the patented invention enters the public domain, meaning anyone can use it without permission.

These are periodic fees required to keep a granted patent in force, varying by jurisdiction.

You can monitor for infringement, issue cease-and-desist notices, negotiate settlements, or take legal action.